application of lithopone

Zhu et al. were the first to provide evidence that TiO2 NPs (21 nm) can transfer from daphnia to zebrafish by dietary exposure. Hence, dietary intake could be a major route of exposure to NPs for high trophic level aquatic organisms. Ecological research should therefore focus, not only on the concentration of NPs in the environment, but also on its bioconcentration, bioaccumulation and biomagnification. In addition it has been shown that TiO2 NPs can increase accumulation of other environmental toxicants: enhanced accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) was found in carp in the presence of TiO2 NPs. The strong adsorption capacity for Cd and As was explained by the large specific surface area and strong electrostatic attraction of TiO2 NPs that contribute to facilitated transport into different organs.

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The majority of the world's production of titanium dioxide goes into the manufacturing of paints, coatings, plastics, paper, and ink. As a pigment, it boasts high refractive index properties that provide exceptional opacity and brightness, making it ideal for enhancing the durability and appearance of products. Moreover, titanium dioxide's stability and ability to withstand high temperatures mean it can be used in exterior paints designed to resist fading caused by sunlight exposure.

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