wholesale 13463-67-7

The conventional surface treatment methods of titanium alloy include glow discharge plasma deposition, oxygen ion implantation, hydrogen peroxide treatment, thermal oxidation, sol-gel method, anodic oxidation, microarc oxidation, laser alloying, and pulsed laser deposition. These methods have different characteristics and are applied in different fields. Glow discharge plasma deposition can get a clean surface, and the thickness of the oxide film obtained is 2 nm to 150 nm [2–8]. The oxide film obtained from oxygen ion implantation is thicker, about several microns [9–14]. Hydrogen peroxide treatment of titanium alloy surface is a process of chemical dissolution and oxidation [15, 16]. The dense part of the oxide film is less than 5 nm [17–21]. The oxide film generated from the thermal oxidation method has a porous structure, and its thickness is commonly about 10-20 μm [22–25]. The oxide film from the sol-gel method is rich in Ti-OH, a composition that could induce apatite nucleation and improve the combining of implants and bone. It has a thickness of less than 10 μm [26–28]. Applied with the anodic oxidation method, the surface can generate a porous oxide film of 10 μm to 20 μm thickness [29–31]. Similarly, the oxide film generated from the microarc oxidation method is also porous and has a thickness of 10 μm to 20 μm [32, 33].

...
wholesale 13463-67-72025-08-16 01:36
1752

Some websites maintain titanium dioxide is inferior to zinc oxide, another mineral sunscreen ingredient whose core characteristics are similar to those of titanium dioxide. The reality is that titanium dioxide is a great broad-spectrum SPF ingredient and is widely used in all manner of sun-protection products. What gets confusing for some consumers is trying to decipher research that ranks sunscreen ingredients by a UV spectrum graph. By most standards, broad-spectrum coverage for sunscreen ingredients is defined as one that surpasses 360 nanometers (abbreviated as “nm” - how the sun’s rays are measured). Titanium dioxide exceeds this range of protection, but depending on whose research you read, it either performs as well as or slightly below zinc oxide.

...
wholesale 13463-67-72025-08-16 01:00
238

Lithopone pigments find extensive use in coatings, plastics, printing inks, and even cosmetics due to their excellent hiding power, light stability, and heat resistance. They serve as cost-effective alternatives to titanium dioxide, another widely used white pigment, while offering comparable performance qualities They serve as cost-effective alternatives to titanium dioxide, another widely used white pigment, while offering comparable performance qualities They serve as cost-effective alternatives to titanium dioxide, another widely used white pigment, while offering comparable performance qualities They serve as cost-effective alternatives to titanium dioxide, another widely used white pigment, while offering comparable performance qualitieslithopone pigments manufacturer.

...
wholesale 13463-67-72025-08-15 23:10
712