In a study published in the journal Toxicology, researchers examined the effects of exposing human colon cancer cell line (HTC116) titanium dioxide food additives in vitro. “In the absence of cytotoxicity, E171 was accumulated in the cells after 24 hours of exposure, increasing granularity and reactive oxygen species, inducing alterations in the molecular pattern of nucleic acids and lipids, and causing nuclei enlargement, DNA damage and tubulin depolymerization,” the scientists wrote. Researchers removed the additive from the culture, then examined the results 48 hours later. They found, “The removal of E171 was unable to revert the alterations found after 24 h of exposure in colon cells. In conclusion, exposure to E171 causes alterations that cannot be reverted after 48 h if E171 is removed from colon cells.”
In a study published in the journal Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology in 2020, researchers examined the effects of food additives titanium dioxide and silica on the intestinal tract by grouping and feeding mice three different food-grade particles — micro-TiO2, nano-TiO2, and nano-SiO2. With all three groups, researchers observed changes in the gut microbiota, particularly mucus-associated bacteria. Furthermore, all three groups experienced inflammatory damage to the intestine, but the nano-TiO2 displayed the most pronounced changes. The researchers wrote: “Our results suggest that the toxic effects on the intestine were due to reduced intestinal mucus barrier function and an increase in metabolite lipopolysaccharides which activated the expression of inflammatory factors downstream. In mice exposed to nano-TiO2, the intestinal PKC/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway was activated. These findings will raise awareness of toxicities associated with the use of food-grade TiO2 and SiO2.”
A study published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2019 sought to examine the effects of titanium dioxide on intestinal inflammation. Researchers did this by feeding rats titanium dioxide nanoparticles and found that, after the course of two to three months, the animals had lower body weights and induced intestinal inflammation. The researchers also found the nanoparticles altered gut microbiota composition and aggravated chronic colitis. The rats also experienced reduced populations of CD4+T cells (which are cells that help organize immune responses by prompting other immune cells to fight infection), regulatory T cells, and white blood cells in mesenteric lymph nodes. The researchers wrote: “Dietary TiO2 nanoparticles could interfere with the balance of the immune system and dynamic of gut microbiome, which may result in low-grade intestinal inflammation and aggravated immunological response to external stimulus, thus introducing potential health risk.”
From transparent glass bottles that add a touch of sophistication to your kitchen to the clean lines of our glass tables, each piece is designed to enhance the ambiance without overpowering it From transparent glass bottles that add a touch of sophistication to your kitchen to the clean lines of our glass tables, each piece is designed to enhance the ambiance without overpowering itglass for sale.When choosing a silver mirror supplier, it is important to consider factors such as product quality, customization options, and sustainability practices. By doing your research and working with a reputable supplier, you can ensure that you receive a high-quality mirror that meets your specific needs and preferences.
Its strength and resistance to thermal stress make it suitable for use in high-rise buildings, where wind load and temperature variations can pose challenges Its strength and resistance to thermal stress make it suitable for use in high-rise buildings, where wind load and temperature variations can pose challengestin bath float glass. Additionally, the glass can be easily tempered or laminated, enhancing its safety and energy efficiency.Toughened mirror glass is a popular choice for many homeowners looking to add a touch of sophistication and style to their living spaces. This type of glass is made by subjecting standard mirror glass to a process of heat treatment, resulting in a material that is much stronger and more resilient than traditional mirror glass.
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