lithopone 28-30% b301 b311 factories

The demand for 30-50nm TiO2 powders stems from their enhanced surface area to volume ratio, which amplifies their reactivity and photocatalytic efficiency. This attribute is paramount in applications such as photovoltaics, where these nanoparticles can boost energy conversion rates in solar cells. In the field of environmental remediation, they serve as potent catalysts for degrading pollutants under light exposure. Furthermore, the exceptional transparency and refractive index of TiO2 nanoparticles make them ideal for high-performance coatings and paints, offering improved durability and aesthetic appeal.

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Lithopone was discovered in the 1870s by DuPont. It was manufactured by Krebs Pigments and Chemical Company and other companies.[2] The material came in different seals, which varied in the content of zinc sulfide. Gold seal and Bronze seals contain 40-50% zinc sulfide, offering more hiding power and strength.[3] Although its popularity peaked around 1920, approximately 223,352 tons were produced in 1990. It is mainly used in paints, putty, and in plastics.[1]

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  • In a 2016 study published in Scientifica (Cairo), Egyptian researchers examined the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the organs of mice by orally administering the food additive daily, for five days. The results showed that the exposure produced “mild to moderate changes in the cytoarchitecture of brain tissue in a time dependent manner.” Furthermore, “Comet assay revealed the apoptotic DNA fragmentation, while PCR-SSCP pattern and direct sequencing showed point mutation of Presenilin 1 gene at exon 5, gene linked to inherited forms of Alzheimer’s disease.” The researchers wrote: “From these findings, “the present study concluded that TiO2NPs is genotoxic and mutagenic to brain tissue which in turn might lead to Alzheimer’s disease incidence.”