lithopone 28-30% b301 b311 factory

The first commercial production of TiO2 began in the early 20th century, using the sulfate process. This method involved reacting ilmenite ore with sulfuric acid to produce titanium sulfate, which was then calcined to obtain titanium dioxide. However, this process had several drawbacks, including high energy consumption, generation of large amounts of waste, and release of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide. As a result, many factories transitioned to the chloride process, which offers higher purity TiO2 and reduced environmental impact.

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{随机栏目} 2025-08-16 13:50 2374
  • The author thanks Marco Leona, Scientist-in-Charge of the Department of Scientific Research at the Metropolitan Museum of Art for conducting fluorescence spectrometry on Wheel of Fortune and a valuable discussion of the research, as well as Silvia Centeno, Research Scientist at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, who performed Raman analysis on the watercolors and also contributed her insight. The phenomenon of the phosphorescing lithopone was originally discovered during the author's fellowship in the Sherman Fairchild Center for the Conservation of Works on Paper, funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The author thanks all her colleagues for their ideas and support during the research of this paper, and special thanks to Rachel Mustalish for her assistance in editing this work.

    {随机栏目} 2025-08-16 12:23 333
  • Anatase TiO2 with 99.6% purity finds widespread application in various industries. It is extensively used as a pigment in paints, coatings, plastics, and textiles due to its excellent whiteness, opacity, and weather resistance. In the construction industry, it is employed as a photocatalyst for self-cleaning surfaces and as a filler to improve the strength and durability of cement and concrete. Additionally, it finds applications in the electronics industry as a transparent conductor and in the food industry as an additive to enhance the whiteness and brightness of products.

    {随机栏目} 2025-08-16 12:21 907