Welding generates a variety of hazardous emissions, including metal fumes, gases, and toxic substances. These emissions can include manganese, lead, and nickel, along with various welding fluxes that produce hazardous vapors. Prolonged exposure to these fumes can lead to serious health issues, including respiratory problems, neurological disorders, and even cancer. Consequently, effective ventilation and fume extraction systems are necessary to mitigate these risks and protect the health of welders.