china estimation of sulphate as titanium dioxide

On the other hand, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in their Final Administrative Order on Sunscreen Drug Products posted in September 2021 still accepts titanium dioxide up to 25% in the list of Generally Recognized As Safe and Effective (GRASE) in the main document, without further clarification on what kind or size of particles [9]. However, on page 24 (Sunscreen containing nanomaterials) FDA clearly “distinguish nanomaterials from other forms of these ingredients'' (zinc oxide and titanium dioxide) and ask for comments on “any particular nanomaterials that you believe should not be permitted for use in OTC sunscreen products”. To the best of our knowledge, this Agency did not ban the use of nanoparticulate titanium dioxide in any form, even though it is mentioned on page 34 that the anatase form is the more photoactive one, due to the lack of evidence with real sunscreens OTC (over the counter) in vivo. Moreover, other regulations in Latin America (MERCOSUR agreement, 2006) do not state clearly their position on the use of nanoparticulate TiO2NPs [10].

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Anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a widely used food-grade additive that imparts various functionalities to food products. It is a naturally occurring mineral that has been extensively studied for its safety and effectiveness in food applications. TiO2 is classified as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and is approved for use in a wide range of food products, including beverages, confectionery, and pharmaceuticals.

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Regardless of the technique chosen, manufacturers must follow strict protocols to ensure the accuracy and reliability of their results. This includes proper sample preparation, calibration of instruments, and validation of analytical methods. By following these guidelines, manufacturers can confidently determine the level of sulphate in their TiO2 products and ensure that they meet the required standards for their intended applications.

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