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There are many ways we’re exposed to titanium dioxide in our everyday life. Below are the most common ways we encounter titanium dioxide.
The leaching reaction equation is: ZnO +n NH 3 · H 2 0→ [Zn NH 3 ) n] 2+ +20H—
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Australian researchers examined how titanium dioxide as a food additive affected gut microbiota in mice by orally administering it in drinking water. The study, published in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition in 2019, found the treatment could “alter the release of bacterial metabolites in vivo and affect the spatial distribution of commensal bacteria in vitro by promoting biofilm formation. We also found reduced expression of the colonic mucin 2 gene, a key component of the intestinal mucus layer, and increased expression of the beta defensin gene, indicating that titanium dioxide significantly impacts gut homeostasis.” The changes were then linked to colonic inflammation, along with a higher expression of inflammatory cytokines, which are signal proteins that help with regulation. The researchers concluded that titanium dioxide “impairs gut homeostasis which may in turn prime the host for disease development.”
ZnFe 2 0 4 +n NH 3 +4H 2 0→ [Zn (NH 3 ) n] 2+ +2Fe (OH) 3 +20H—
Furthermore, TiO2 is used in the production of self-cleaning surfaces. When exposed to sunlight, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 breaks down organic pollutants and releases water and oxygen. This process not only cleans the surface but also inhibits the growth of algae and fungi, maintaining the appearance and hygiene of the material.
