china classification of calcium carbonate

Titanium dioxide powder, a white crystalline powder, is widely used in various industries due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. It has high refractive index, strong covering power, and good stability, making it an ideal material for paints, plastics, papermaking, and other fields. In recent years, with the rapid development of these industries, the demand for titanium dioxide powder has been growing steadily. Therefore, many countries have established titanium dioxide powder factories to meet this demand.

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TiO2 NPs appeared to be more toxic to nematode Caenorhabditis elegans than submicron-sized TiO2.  At a concentration of 1 mg/l, 7 nm particles affected its fertility and survival rate and were more toxic than 20 nm anatase particles. Similarly, Hu et al. showed that rutile particles (10–20 nm), at concentrations above 1 g/kg soil, can be bio-accumulated in earthworms, where they induce oxidative stress, inhibit the activity of cellulase and induce DNA and mitochondrial damage.

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