Although cosmetics are not meant for consumption, there are concerns that titanium dioxide in lipstick and toothpaste may be swallowed or absorbed through the skin.

It's all over the place in our environment, said Dr. Johnson-Arbor.

Overall, the Food Directorate's comprehensive review of the available science of TiO₂ as a food additive showed:

Overall, the Food Directorate's comprehensive review of the available science of TiO₂ as a food additive showed:

In addition to its physical properties, titanium dioxide also has environmental benefits. As a non-toxic compound, it is safe to use in homes, offices and public places. Coatings formulated with titanium dioxide contain virtually no volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ensuring minimal impact on indoor air quality and human health. Additionally, due to their long-lasting nature, titanium dioxide-infused paints can help create a more sustainable environment by reducing waste and the need for frequent repainting.