titanium iv oxide rutile manufacturer

Manufacturers must also consider the particle size distribution of titanium dioxide when formulating their products. Finer particles can lead to improved gloss and smoothness, while coarser particles might be preferred for specific textured effects or to reduce costs without compromising on opacity. The surface treatment of titanium dioxide particles is another aspect that can be tailored to enhance compatibility with different types of binders and additives used in paint formulations.

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In a 2020 study published in the Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, researchers conducted an in vitro experiment to analyze the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on a human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell line. The scientists evaluated “reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, cellular antioxidant response, endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.” The results showed that exposure to the nanoparticles “induced ROS generation in a dose dependent manner, with values reaching up to 10 fold those of controls. Nrf2 nuclear localization and autophagy also increased in a dose dependent manner. Apoptosis increased by 4- to 10-fold compared to the control group, depending on the dose employed.” 

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