Water solubles, %

Here, NaOH or NH3 · H2O is used as a precipitant or pH regulator to react with FeSO4 to form ferrous hydroxide precipitation; Air is used as oxidant; The iron sheet reacts with sulfuric acid produced during the oxidative hydrolysis of FeSO4 to provide ferrous ions required in the reaction system and maintain the pH value of the solution. The alkali consumption of acid method is less and the particles are easy to wash. The relative rates of seed preparation and crystal growth determine the particle size, particle size distribution and particle morphology of iron yellow particles.

TiO₂ comes in many different forms. However, only a few of these forms are considered food-grade (acceptable to be added to food). Many studies that raised concern about the safety of TiO₂, including the concern for genotoxicity, used forms of TiO₂ that are not considered acceptable for use in food and have different properties than food-grade TiO₂. Other studies did use food-grade TiO₂, but took steps to break the material down into smaller particles than what would normally be found in food.

It offers several advantages in various applications. Its excellent opacity and brightness make it a popular choice in the production of paints, coatings, and printing inks, providing a cost-effective alternative to titanium dioxide. Lithopone's chemical stability enhances its durability in outdoor environments, making it suitable for outdoor coatings. Additionally, its low reactivity and compatibility with other pigments contribute to its versatility. Beyond coatings, lithopone finds utility in plastics, rubber, and paper industries. Overall, its multifaceted advantages and broad applications underscore this compound's significance in diverse industrial sectors.

In May 2021, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published an opinion that stated that titanium dioxide can no longer be considered safe when used as a food additive.