titanium dioxide used in coating & paint r-666 factories
The conventional surface treatment methods of titanium alloy include glow discharge plasma deposition, oxygen ion implantation, hydrogen peroxide treatment, thermal oxidation, sol-gel method, anodic oxidation, microarc oxidation, laser alloying, and pulsed laser deposition. These methods have different characteristics and are applied in different fields. Glow discharge plasma deposition can get a clean surface, and the thickness of the oxide film obtained is 2 nm to 150 nm [2–8]. The oxide film obtained from oxygen ion implantation is thicker, about several microns [9–14]. Hydrogen peroxide treatment of titanium alloy surface is a process of chemical dissolution and oxidation [15, 16]. The dense part of the oxide film is less than 5 nm [17–21]. The oxide film generated from the thermal oxidation method has a porous structure, and its thickness is commonly about 10-20 μm [22–25]. The oxide film from the sol-gel method is rich in Ti-OH, a composition that could induce apatite nucleation and improve the combining of implants and bone. It has a thickness of less than 10 μm [26–28]. Applied with the anodic oxidation method, the surface can generate a porous oxide film of 10 μm to 20 μm thickness [29–31]. Similarly, the oxide film generated from the microarc oxidation method is also porous and has a thickness of 10 μm to 20 μm [32, 33].
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Although barium sulfate is almost completely inert, zinc sulfide degrades upon exposure to UV light, leading to darkening of the pigment. The severity of this UV reaction is dependent on a combination of two factors; how much zinc sulfide makes up the pigments formulation, and its total accumulated UV exposure. Depending on these factors Lithopone B301, Lithopone B311 powder itself may vary in shade over time, ranging from pure white all the way to grey or even black. To suppress this effect, a dopant might be used, like small amount of cobalt salts, which would be added to the formulation. This process creates cobalt-doped zinc sulfide. The cobalt salts help to stabilize zinc sulfide so it will not have as severe a reaction to UV exposure.
Goshorn, J.H.; Black, C.K. (1929). The study of lithopone darkening. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 21 (4): 348–9. doi:10.1021/ie50232a021.
Overall, TR 28 titanium dioxide is a top choice for manufacturers looking for a high-quality white pigment with excellent performance and sustainability. With its bright white color, high opacity, and UV-blocking properties, TR 28 titanium dioxide is a versatile ingredient that enhances the performance of a wide range of products. Whether used in paints, coatings, plastics, or cosmetics, TR 28 titanium dioxide is a reliable choice for companies seeking a superior white pigment for their products.
Properties:
Lithopone is the ideal combination of the white pigment zinc sulfide and the white spacer Blanc fixe. Due to the particle distribution of the ZnS (0.35 µm) and BaSO4 (0.8 -1.0 µm), which is the result of a co-precipitation (not mixing) and co-calcination, a high packing density is achieved, which in turn gives Lithopone its low resin demand and excellent rheological properties.
Lithopone is the ideal combination of the white pigment zinc sulfide and the white spacer Blanc fixe. Due to the particle distribution of the ZnS (0.35 µm) and BaSO4 (0.8 -1.0 µm), which is the result of a co-precipitation (not mixing) and co-calcination, a high packing density is achieved, which in turn gives Lithopone its low resin demand and excellent rheological properties.