tio2 used in paper manufacturers
...
2025-08-15 21:48
2045
Overall, the global titanium dioxide market report provides valuable insights for manufacturers in the industry to make informed business decisions. By understanding the market trends, growth drivers, and challenges, manufacturers can develop effective strategies to maximize their market share and profitability. As the demand for high-quality pigments continues to grow, manufacturers in the titanium dioxide market are well-positioned to capitalize on the opportunities in the industry.
...
2025-08-15 21:39
1951
What is Lithopone B311 Powder?
...
2025-08-15 21:26
2064
Major manufacturers of lithopone include companies such as Hebei Jiheng Group, Zhejiang Yueda Group, and Shandong Xinchang Chemical, among others. These companies employ advanced technologies and strict quality control measures to ensure consistent product quality and meet the diverse needs of their global clientele.
...
2025-08-15 21:18
327
In summary, the Food Directorate's position is that there is no conclusive scientific evidence that the food additive TiO2 is a concern for human health. This is based on a review of the available scientific data relevant to food uses of TiO2. However, we will continue to monitor the emerging science on the safety of TiO2 as a food additive and may revisit our position if new scientific information becomes available.
...
2025-08-15 21:14
1437
What does this court ruling mean for regulation?
...
2025-08-15 21:08
956
The manufacturing process of high-quality Rutile Titanium Dioxide in specialized factories is a complex and precise operation. These factories employ cutting-edge technology and rigorous quality control measures to ensure the optimal purity and performance of the final product. The process typically involves mining, chemical treatment, calcination, and finally, crystal formation. Each step is crucial in determining the whiteness, opacity, and durability of the TiO2.
...
2025-08-15 20:51
101
Titanium dioxide in sunscreen
...
2025-08-15 20:49
1983
There are many uses of titanium dioxide that we don't know about because they were made exempt from being on the package in 1977, said Faber, who added that nothing much has changed since – other than the FDA approving some other uses of the color additive, such as expanding the use of mica-based pearlescent pigments (prepared from titanium dioxide) as color additives in distilled spirits over recent years.
...
2025-08-15 20:44
1117
- Load capacity is another important factor to consider when pricing chemical anchor fasteners

In summary, roof self-drilling screws represent an essential tool in the modern construction landscape. Their unique design, ease of installation, and durability make them a go-to choice for roofing professionals. By understanding their benefits and applications, builders can make informed decisions that ensure the reliability and longevity of roofing systems, ultimately leading to satisfied clients and successful projects. Whether you are constructing a new building or replacing an existing roof, considering self-drilling screws is a smart investment in quality and performance.
- Understanding the Significance of Collated Drywall Screws in Construction A Focus on 38mm Length
When it comes to hanging items on walls, especially heavier objects, the choice of anchor is crucial to ensure stability and security. Among the variety of options available, expanding metal wall anchors stand out for their strength and reliability. This article explores the features, installation process, and applications of expanding metal wall anchors, making it easier for homeowners and DIY enthusiasts to understand their usage.
Chipboard fixings, also known as particleboard fixings, are essential components for securing chipboard sheets together or attaching them to other materials. Chipboard is made from compressed wood particles bonded together with adhesive, making it a cost-effective and versatile building material. However, chipboard is not as strong as solid wood and requires appropriate fixings to ensure a secure and long-lasting connection.
- The Indispensable Role of Indented Foundation Bolts in Structural Stability
- It is important to note that self-drilling drywall plastic anchors are not suitable for use in all wall types. These anchors are specifically designed for use in drywall and may not provide adequate support in plaster, concrete, or brick walls. If you are unsure about the type of wall you are working with, consult a professional before installing the anchors.
In conclusion, countersunk chipboard screws are an excellent choice for anyone involved in woodworking or construction. Their thoughtful design, offering both functional and aesthetic benefits, makes them invaluable for various applications. Whether you're an experienced professional or a casual DIYer, investing in high-quality countersunk chipboard screws is a decision that will enhance the quality and durability of your projects. As the demand for aesthetically pleasing and resilient construction continues to grow, the role of these screws will undoubtedly remain significant in the coming years.
- In addition to their strength and versatility, stud whole threaded steel rods are also easy to work with
- In the vast ocean of life, where waves of change and uncertainty crash upon our shores, there exists a curious interplay between stability and transformation. This is best encapsulated by the seemingly paradoxical relationship between a butterfly and an anchor. The butterfly, with its fragile wings spanning a mere 3% of the complexities that make up our existence, represents the fleeting, transformative moments that can have an outsized impact on our lives. On the other hand, the anchor, weighing in at a hefty 8%, symbolizes the grounding forces that keep us rooted and provide a sense of constancy amidst the ebb and flow of life's tides.
Features of 1% 201% 4% Wafer Head Screws
Considerations for Use
Rigid insulation nails are a crucial component in the installation of rigid insulation board. These nails are specifically designed to securely fasten insulation board to various types of substrates, such as wood, concrete, or metal. Without proper installation, rigid insulation may not effectively prevent heat loss or infiltration, leading to decreased energy efficiency and increased heating or cooling costs.
- Ease of Use
- In terms of durability, butterfly screws are made of high-quality materials that can withstand the weight of a TV without bending or breaking. This ensures that your TV will remain securely mounted without the risk of it falling off the wall.
- Another significant advantage of resin anchors is their versatility. They can be used in a variety of materials, including steel, wood, and masonry, making them a versatile solution for a broad range of construction projects They can be used in a variety of materials, including steel, wood, and masonry, making them a versatile solution for a broad range of construction projects
They can be used in a variety of materials, including steel, wood, and masonry, making them a versatile solution for a broad range of construction projects They can be used in a variety of materials, including steel, wood, and masonry, making them a versatile solution for a broad range of construction projects
resin anchor bolts for concrete. Additionally, they can be installed quickly and easily, often requiring no special tools or equipment beyond a drill and screwdriver. The design of tek screws is one of their most appealing aspects. Generally, they have a hex, torx, or slotted head, which facilitates easy application using power tools. The self-drilling tip is sharp, which allows it to penetrate materials without requiring an additional drill bit. Furthermore, the threading on a tek screw is optimized for a variety of materials, including metal, wood, and plastics, enabling it to secure different substrates firmly.
- In conclusion, if you are planning a drywall installation project, consider using 35mm collated drywall screws for a fast, efficient, and high-quality finish. With their ease of installation and durable design, these screws are sure to meet your needs and exceed your expectations.
- One of the main advantages of hex head self-tapping sheet metal screws is their versatility
hex head self tapping sheet metal screws. They can be used in a wide range of materials, from aluminum and steel to plastic and even wood, provided the correct screw type is chosen for the specific material. Their ability to create strong, stable connections in thin materials has made them a staple in assembly lines and DIY projects alike. - When installing shear studs, it is crucial to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to ensure that they are properly positioned and secured. This is because incorrect installation can lead to reduced structural integrity and potential failure under load.
- 7. Test the anchor's strength After installation, test the anchor's holding capacity to ensure it meets the requirements of the application.
- When installing shear studs, it is crucial to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to ensure that they are properly positioned and secured. This is because incorrect installation can lead to reduced structural integrity and potential failure under load.
- In conclusion, shear stud bolts are more than just ordinary fasteners; they are integral components of structural engineering. Their effectiveness in resisting shear forces, combined with their ease of installation and cost-effectiveness, makes them a preferred choice in modern construction. As technology advances, so does the sophistication of these bolts, further solidifying their position in ensuring the robustness and longevity of our built environment.
Another benefit of hex head drilling screws is their versatility. They can be used in a wide range of materials, including metal, wood, and plastic. This versatility makes them a popular choice for various applications, such as fastening metal roofing panels, attaching wooden components, and securing automotive parts.
hex head drilling screw

- 2
This not only enhances the structural integrity of the project but also provides a。 - One of the primary advantages of using a wedge anchor bolt is its ability to provide high holding power in a relatively small hole. This makes it an ideal choice for situations where space is limited or when the load requirements are relatively low. Additionally, wedge anchors can be installed quickly and easily, without the need for specialized equipment or tools.
Fine thread drywall screws serve as an excellent choice for various woodworking applications, offering superior holding power, ease of installation, and versatility. By understanding their benefits and considering the specific needs of your project, you can make an informed decision about whether to incorporate these fasteners into your work. Whether you are a professional contractor or a DIY enthusiast, fine thread drywall screws can help ensure your projects are secure and last for years to come.
- The Versatile Self-Drilling Screw for Woodworking Mastery
- One of the key advantages of using self-tapping sheet metal screws with rubber washers is their ability to mitigate vibrations

- The 38mm size is ideal for medium to heavy-duty applications, providing a secure and reliable connection between materials. Whether you are fastening metal to metal, metal to wood, or even metal to plastic, these screws can handle the job with ease. Their sharp, self-drilling tip ensures a clean and precise hole, while their fine threads provide excellent holding power and prevent the screws from loosening over time.
- 3. Enhanced Performance These screws are specifically designed to perform in demanding environments, making them an excellent choice for projects that require high levels of stability and performance. Whether you're building a bridge or repairing a heavy machine, heavy-duty section tek screws will help ensure that your project is completed to the highest standards.
Conclusion
Types of Chipboard Fasteners
- Installing steel lateral bracing is a precise process that requires careful planning and execution
2. Installation Torque It is essential to adhere to the recommended torque specifications during installation to avoid over-tightening, which can lead to stripping the threads or damaging the material.
- - Metal Roofing Their self-drilling capability allows for quick installation of metal roofing panels, avoiding the issues associated with leaks from improperly placed fasteners.
- Self-drilling plastic wall anchors, as the name suggests, possess a built-in drill bit that allows them to pierce through the wall material effortlessly. They are designed to provide strong support for hanging pictures, shelves, mirrors, and various other household items without causing structural damage or requiring extensive tools.
Understanding Hex Head Self-Tapping Screws with Washer Key Features and Applications
In the vast world of fastening technologies, wing Tek screws have emerged as a significant player, specifically designed to meet the unique needs of various industries. These screws combine practicality, efficiency, and ease of use, making them an essential component in both manufacturing and construction.
- Advantages of Metric Self-Drilling Screws
- Overall, 38mm self-drilling screws are a versatile and practical choice for a wide range of applications. Their self-drilling capabilities, durability, and ease of use make them a valuable tool for any project that requires fastening materials together securely. Whether you are building a structure, assembling furniture, or making repairs around the house, these screws are sure to meet your needs and exceed your expectations.
- Installation Depth Ensure the anchor is installed to the correct depth for optimal performance.
- 5. Corrosion Resistance Many Structural Tek screws are coated with a layer of zinc or other corrosion-resistant materials, which protects them from rust and corrosion. This feature extends the life of the screws and ensures reliable performance in harsh environments.
- Flat head self-drilling screws have several key features that make them stand out from other types of screws. Firstly, they have a flat head that allows them to sit flush with the surface of the material being fastened. This makes them ideal for use in applications where a neat and professional finish is required. Secondly, these screws have a sharp point that enables them to drill into the material with ease. This eliminates the need for pre-drilling, saving time and effort during installation. Finally, flat head self-drilling screws are available in a range of sizes and materials, allowing you to choose the perfect screw for your specific application.
- Overall, hex washer head screws are a versatile and reliable fastening solution for a wide range of applications. Their ease of use, stability, and strength make them a popular choice among professionals and DIY enthusiasts alike. Whether you are building a deck, installing cabinets, or repairing machinery, hex washer head screws are sure to provide the secure and long-lasting fastening you need.
- One popular size of chipboard screws is the 40mm length variety. These screws are perfect for securing chipboard panels together or attaching hardware to chipboard surfaces. Their length makes them suitable for thicker chipboard materials while still providing a secure and reliable hold.
In conclusion, chipboard fixings are essential components for securing chipboard sheets together or attaching them to other materials. By choosing the right type of fixing and following proper installation techniques, you can ensure a strong and reliable connection that will stand the test of time. Whether you are building furniture, constructing cabinets, or installing flooring, chipboard fixings are indispensable for achieving a professional and high-quality finish.
- Moreover, these screws are often made from high-quality materials like stainless steel or zinc-coated steel, ensuring resistance to corrosion and rust, even in harsh or humid environments. This durability factor is crucial in maintaining the structural integrity of the building over time This durability factor is crucial in maintaining the structural integrity of the building over time
This durability factor is crucial in maintaining the structural integrity of the building over time This durability factor is crucial in maintaining the structural integrity of the building over time
wafer head screws for metal studs. 3. Use of Locking Mechanisms Incorporating locking washers, nylon inserts, or other locking mechanisms can help prevent bolts from loosening due to vibration. These devices provide additional friction, keeping the bolts securely in place.
- To address these concerns, researchers must carefully consider the appropriateness of using metrics in their studies

Overall, the global titanium dioxide market report provides valuable insights for manufacturers in the industry to make informed business decisions. By understanding the market trends, growth drivers, and challenges, manufacturers can develop effective strategies to maximize their market share and profitability. As the demand for high-quality pigments continues to grow, manufacturers in the titanium dioxide market are well-positioned to capitalize on the opportunities in the industry.
What is Lithopone B311 Powder?
Major manufacturers of lithopone include companies such as Hebei Jiheng Group, Zhejiang Yueda Group, and Shandong Xinchang Chemical, among others. These companies employ advanced technologies and strict quality control measures to ensure consistent product quality and meet the diverse needs of their global clientele.
In summary, the Food Directorate's position is that there is no conclusive scientific evidence that the food additive TiO2 is a concern for human health. This is based on a review of the available scientific data relevant to food uses of TiO2. However, we will continue to monitor the emerging science on the safety of TiO2 as a food additive and may revisit our position if new scientific information becomes available.
What does this court ruling mean for regulation?
The manufacturing process of high-quality Rutile Titanium Dioxide in specialized factories is a complex and precise operation. These factories employ cutting-edge technology and rigorous quality control measures to ensure the optimal purity and performance of the final product. The process typically involves mining, chemical treatment, calcination, and finally, crystal formation. Each step is crucial in determining the whiteness, opacity, and durability of the TiO2.
Titanium dioxide in sunscreen
There are many uses of titanium dioxide that we don't know about because they were made exempt from being on the package in 1977, said Faber, who added that nothing much has changed since – other than the FDA approving some other uses of the color additive, such as expanding the use of mica-based pearlescent pigments (prepared from titanium dioxide) as color additives in distilled spirits over recent years.
- Load capacity is another important factor to consider when pricing chemical anchor fasteners
In summary, roof self-drilling screws represent an essential tool in the modern construction landscape. Their unique design, ease of installation, and durability make them a go-to choice for roofing professionals. By understanding their benefits and applications, builders can make informed decisions that ensure the reliability and longevity of roofing systems, ultimately leading to satisfied clients and successful projects. Whether you are constructing a new building or replacing an existing roof, considering self-drilling screws is a smart investment in quality and performance.
- Understanding the Significance of Collated Drywall Screws in Construction A Focus on 38mm Length
When it comes to hanging items on walls, especially heavier objects, the choice of anchor is crucial to ensure stability and security. Among the variety of options available, expanding metal wall anchors stand out for their strength and reliability. This article explores the features, installation process, and applications of expanding metal wall anchors, making it easier for homeowners and DIY enthusiasts to understand their usage.
Chipboard fixings, also known as particleboard fixings, are essential components for securing chipboard sheets together or attaching them to other materials. Chipboard is made from compressed wood particles bonded together with adhesive, making it a cost-effective and versatile building material. However, chipboard is not as strong as solid wood and requires appropriate fixings to ensure a secure and long-lasting connection.
- The Indispensable Role of Indented Foundation Bolts in Structural Stability
- It is important to note that self-drilling drywall plastic anchors are not suitable for use in all wall types. These anchors are specifically designed for use in drywall and may not provide adequate support in plaster, concrete, or brick walls. If you are unsure about the type of wall you are working with, consult a professional before installing the anchors.
In conclusion, countersunk chipboard screws are an excellent choice for anyone involved in woodworking or construction. Their thoughtful design, offering both functional and aesthetic benefits, makes them invaluable for various applications. Whether you're an experienced professional or a casual DIYer, investing in high-quality countersunk chipboard screws is a decision that will enhance the quality and durability of your projects. As the demand for aesthetically pleasing and resilient construction continues to grow, the role of these screws will undoubtedly remain significant in the coming years.
- In addition to their strength and versatility, stud whole threaded steel rods are also easy to work with
- In the vast ocean of life, where waves of change and uncertainty crash upon our shores, there exists a curious interplay between stability and transformation. This is best encapsulated by the seemingly paradoxical relationship between a butterfly and an anchor. The butterfly, with its fragile wings spanning a mere 3% of the complexities that make up our existence, represents the fleeting, transformative moments that can have an outsized impact on our lives. On the other hand, the anchor, weighing in at a hefty 8%, symbolizes the grounding forces that keep us rooted and provide a sense of constancy amidst the ebb and flow of life's tides.
Features of 1% 201% 4% Wafer Head Screws
Considerations for Use
Rigid insulation nails are a crucial component in the installation of rigid insulation board. These nails are specifically designed to securely fasten insulation board to various types of substrates, such as wood, concrete, or metal. Without proper installation, rigid insulation may not effectively prevent heat loss or infiltration, leading to decreased energy efficiency and increased heating or cooling costs.
- Ease of Use
- In terms of durability, butterfly screws are made of high-quality materials that can withstand the weight of a TV without bending or breaking. This ensures that your TV will remain securely mounted without the risk of it falling off the wall.
- Another significant advantage of resin anchors is their versatility. They can be used in a variety of materials, including steel, wood, and masonry, making them a versatile solution for a broad range of construction projects They can be used in a variety of materials, including steel, wood, and masonry, making them a versatile solution for a broad range of construction projects
They can be used in a variety of materials, including steel, wood, and masonry, making them a versatile solution for a broad range of construction projects They can be used in a variety of materials, including steel, wood, and masonry, making them a versatile solution for a broad range of construction projects
resin anchor bolts for concrete. Additionally, they can be installed quickly and easily, often requiring no special tools or equipment beyond a drill and screwdriver.
The design of tek screws is one of their most appealing aspects. Generally, they have a hex, torx, or slotted head, which facilitates easy application using power tools. The self-drilling tip is sharp, which allows it to penetrate materials without requiring an additional drill bit. Furthermore, the threading on a tek screw is optimized for a variety of materials, including metal, wood, and plastics, enabling it to secure different substrates firmly.
- In conclusion, if you are planning a drywall installation project, consider using 35mm collated drywall screws for a fast, efficient, and high-quality finish. With their ease of installation and durable design, these screws are sure to meet your needs and exceed your expectations.
- One of the main advantages of hex head self-tapping sheet metal screws is their versatility
hex head self tapping sheet metal screws. They can be used in a wide range of materials, from aluminum and steel to plastic and even wood, provided the correct screw type is chosen for the specific material. Their ability to create strong, stable connections in thin materials has made them a staple in assembly lines and DIY projects alike.
- When installing shear studs, it is crucial to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to ensure that they are properly positioned and secured. This is because incorrect installation can lead to reduced structural integrity and potential failure under load.
- 7. Test the anchor's strength After installation, test the anchor's holding capacity to ensure it meets the requirements of the application.
- When installing shear studs, it is crucial to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to ensure that they are properly positioned and secured. This is because incorrect installation can lead to reduced structural integrity and potential failure under load.
- In conclusion, shear stud bolts are more than just ordinary fasteners; they are integral components of structural engineering. Their effectiveness in resisting shear forces, combined with their ease of installation and cost-effectiveness, makes them a preferred choice in modern construction. As technology advances, so does the sophistication of these bolts, further solidifying their position in ensuring the robustness and longevity of our built environment.
Another benefit of hex head drilling screws is their versatility. They can be used in a wide range of materials, including metal, wood, and plastic. This versatility makes them a popular choice for various applications, such as fastening metal roofing panels, attaching wooden components, and securing automotive parts.
hex head drilling screw- 2
This not only enhances the structural integrity of the project but also provides a。
- One of the primary advantages of using a wedge anchor bolt is its ability to provide high holding power in a relatively small hole. This makes it an ideal choice for situations where space is limited or when the load requirements are relatively low. Additionally, wedge anchors can be installed quickly and easily, without the need for specialized equipment or tools.
Fine thread drywall screws serve as an excellent choice for various woodworking applications, offering superior holding power, ease of installation, and versatility. By understanding their benefits and considering the specific needs of your project, you can make an informed decision about whether to incorporate these fasteners into your work. Whether you are a professional contractor or a DIY enthusiast, fine thread drywall screws can help ensure your projects are secure and last for years to come.
- The Versatile Self-Drilling Screw for Woodworking Mastery
- One of the key advantages of using self-tapping sheet metal screws with rubber washers is their ability to mitigate vibrations
- The 38mm size is ideal for medium to heavy-duty applications, providing a secure and reliable connection between materials. Whether you are fastening metal to metal, metal to wood, or even metal to plastic, these screws can handle the job with ease. Their sharp, self-drilling tip ensures a clean and precise hole, while their fine threads provide excellent holding power and prevent the screws from loosening over time.
- 3. Enhanced Performance These screws are specifically designed to perform in demanding environments, making them an excellent choice for projects that require high levels of stability and performance. Whether you're building a bridge or repairing a heavy machine, heavy-duty section tek screws will help ensure that your project is completed to the highest standards.
Conclusion
Types of Chipboard Fasteners
- Installing steel lateral bracing is a precise process that requires careful planning and execution
2. Installation Torque It is essential to adhere to the recommended torque specifications during installation to avoid over-tightening, which can lead to stripping the threads or damaging the material.
- - Metal Roofing Their self-drilling capability allows for quick installation of metal roofing panels, avoiding the issues associated with leaks from improperly placed fasteners.
- Self-drilling plastic wall anchors, as the name suggests, possess a built-in drill bit that allows them to pierce through the wall material effortlessly. They are designed to provide strong support for hanging pictures, shelves, mirrors, and various other household items without causing structural damage or requiring extensive tools.
Understanding Hex Head Self-Tapping Screws with Washer Key Features and Applications
In the vast world of fastening technologies, wing Tek screws have emerged as a significant player, specifically designed to meet the unique needs of various industries. These screws combine practicality, efficiency, and ease of use, making them an essential component in both manufacturing and construction.
- Advantages of Metric Self-Drilling Screws
- Overall, 38mm self-drilling screws are a versatile and practical choice for a wide range of applications. Their self-drilling capabilities, durability, and ease of use make them a valuable tool for any project that requires fastening materials together securely. Whether you are building a structure, assembling furniture, or making repairs around the house, these screws are sure to meet your needs and exceed your expectations.
- Installation Depth Ensure the anchor is installed to the correct depth for optimal performance.
- 5. Corrosion Resistance Many Structural Tek screws are coated with a layer of zinc or other corrosion-resistant materials, which protects them from rust and corrosion. This feature extends the life of the screws and ensures reliable performance in harsh environments.
- Flat head self-drilling screws have several key features that make them stand out from other types of screws. Firstly, they have a flat head that allows them to sit flush with the surface of the material being fastened. This makes them ideal for use in applications where a neat and professional finish is required. Secondly, these screws have a sharp point that enables them to drill into the material with ease. This eliminates the need for pre-drilling, saving time and effort during installation. Finally, flat head self-drilling screws are available in a range of sizes and materials, allowing you to choose the perfect screw for your specific application.
- Overall, hex washer head screws are a versatile and reliable fastening solution for a wide range of applications. Their ease of use, stability, and strength make them a popular choice among professionals and DIY enthusiasts alike. Whether you are building a deck, installing cabinets, or repairing machinery, hex washer head screws are sure to provide the secure and long-lasting fastening you need.
- One popular size of chipboard screws is the 40mm length variety. These screws are perfect for securing chipboard panels together or attaching hardware to chipboard surfaces. Their length makes them suitable for thicker chipboard materials while still providing a secure and reliable hold.
In conclusion, chipboard fixings are essential components for securing chipboard sheets together or attaching them to other materials. By choosing the right type of fixing and following proper installation techniques, you can ensure a strong and reliable connection that will stand the test of time. Whether you are building furniture, constructing cabinets, or installing flooring, chipboard fixings are indispensable for achieving a professional and high-quality finish.
- Moreover, these screws are often made from high-quality materials like stainless steel or zinc-coated steel, ensuring resistance to corrosion and rust, even in harsh or humid environments. This durability factor is crucial in maintaining the structural integrity of the building over time This durability factor is crucial in maintaining the structural integrity of the building over time
This durability factor is crucial in maintaining the structural integrity of the building over time This durability factor is crucial in maintaining the structural integrity of the building over time
wafer head screws for metal studs.
3. Use of Locking Mechanisms Incorporating locking washers, nylon inserts, or other locking mechanisms can help prevent bolts from loosening due to vibration. These devices provide additional friction, keeping the bolts securely in place.
- To address these concerns, researchers must carefully consider the appropriateness of using metrics in their studies