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Manufacturing barium sulfate involves a meticulous process, typically starting with the extraction of barite, a naturally occurring mineral rich in barium sulfate. These mines, often located in China, India, and the United States, are the primary source of raw material for global barium sulfate factories. Once extracted, the barite undergoes purification to remove impurities like silica, iron, and clay, ensuring high-grade barium sulfate production.

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In 2017, French researchers from the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE) were among the first to examine the effects of E171 nanoparticles on the body. They fed rats a dose of 10mg of E171 per kilogram of body weight per day, which was similar to human exposure in food. The research, which was published in Scientific Reports, showed that E171 was able to traverse the intestinal barrier, pass into the bloodstream, and reach other areas of the body in rats. Researchers also found a link between immune system disorders and the absorption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. 

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