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The refractive index, represented by the letter n, of a material describes how light propagates through and is bent by, that material. The magnitude of the refractive index, depending upon the electronic structure of the molecules, governs to what extent the path of light changes, when entering or leaving a material.

Particles in a matrix, like pigment particles surrounded by the binder system in a coating, ink or plastic, can change the propagation direction of light when the particles and the matrix have a different refractive index. This phenomenon, called scattering, results in both white color (provided that the particles do not absorb visible light) and the hiding power of the coating.

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For a mini-review published in the journal Particle and Fibre Technology in 2021, scientists wanted to evaluate whether Ti02 particles contributed to the development and/or exacerbation of irritable bowel disease, and whether they altered the four elements of intestinal barrier function: the intestinal microbiota, the immune system, the mucus layer, and the epithelium. The breakdown of these four elements can contribute to autoimmune, neurological, inflammatory, infectious, and metabolic diseases. Following their review, the researchers concluded: “Data indicate that TiO2 is able to alter the four compartments of IBF and to induce a low-grade intestinal inflammation associated or not with pre-neoplastic lesions.” 

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Furthermore, nano titania provides enhanced self-cleaning properties to coatings. The photocatalytic activity of nano titania enables coatings to break down organic pollutants and dirt when exposed to sunlight, leading to a self-cleaning effect. This feature is particularly beneficial for coatings used in outdoor environments, as it helps to keep surfaces clean and reduce maintenance costs This feature is particularly beneficial for coatings used in outdoor environments, as it helps to keep surfaces clean and reduce maintenance costs This feature is particularly beneficial for coatings used in outdoor environments, as it helps to keep surfaces clean and reduce maintenance costs This feature is particularly beneficial for coatings used in outdoor environments, as it helps to keep surfaces clean and reduce maintenance costschina coatings used nano titania.

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