china 93% 13463-67-7 titanium dioxide

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Despite these concerns, the use of TiO2 in food manufacturing continues to grow. This is largely due to its effectiveness as a whitening agent and its low cost. Additionally, manufacturers have taken steps to ensure that TiO2 is used safely in their products. For example, they may use smaller particle sizes or encapsulate the TiO2 to reduce its potential for inhalation or ingestion For example, they may use smaller particle sizes or encapsulate the TiO2 to reduce its potential for inhalation or ingestion For example, they may use smaller particle sizes or encapsulate the TiO2 to reduce its potential for inhalation or ingestion For example, they may use smaller particle sizes or encapsulate the TiO2 to reduce its potential for inhalation or ingestionfood safe titanium dioxide factory.

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In a 2020 study published in the Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, researchers conducted an in vitro experiment to analyze the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on a human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell line. The scientists evaluated “reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, cellular antioxidant response, endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.” The results showed that exposure to the nanoparticles “induced ROS generation in a dose dependent manner, with values reaching up to 10 fold those of controls. Nrf2 nuclear localization and autophagy also increased in a dose dependent manner. Apoptosis increased by 4- to 10-fold compared to the control group, depending on the dose employed.” 

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A 2023 study published in the journal Particle and Fibre Toxicology set out to examine the impact of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mice “on the course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis,” by creating an ulcerative colitis disease model. Researchers found that the titanium dioxide nanoparticles significantly increased the severity of colitis. They also “decreased the body weight, increased the disease activity index and colonic mucosa damage index scores, shortened the colonic length, increased the inflammatory infiltration in the colon.” Researchers concluded: “Oral intake of TiO2 nanoparticles could affect the course of acute colitis in exacerbating the development of ulcerative colitis, prolonging the ulcerative colitis course and inhibiting ulcerative colitis recovery.”

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