

Titanium dioxide is used in an enormous range of food products, which can feel jarring when looking at some of its other uses.
When E171 isn’t combined with other ingredients and administered in water, some studies suggest that under these artificial conditions, E171 may be processed differently in the body resulting in some biological changes in experimental animals that are poorly understood.
I would highly recommend using fresh Thai red chillies (the smaller variety) if you can find them. They deliver that flaming red color and leave behind that spicy tingle on the tongue, usually associated with Asian sweet chilli sauce. Thai red chillies are spicy though, so be careful.
We know it may be very tempting to simply swap in that ketchup sitting in the fridge, but spiciness is a primary expectation of chili sauce, and there’s obviously none in ketchup. Plus, it’s very simple to spice up that ketchup with chipotle or cayenne pepper to at least provide some heat.
Paprika originated in Mexico, but it was Christopher Columbus who brought it to Europe in the 15th century. The spice became popular in Hungary, where it was cultivated and improved over the centuries. Today, Hungary is known for producing some of the best paprika in the world, with a range of varieties that vary in flavor, heat, and color.