lithopone for rubber supplier

Infrared analysis showed that the characteristics bands for the bare nanoparticles are still exhibited in the vitamins@P25TiO2NPs spectra, such as a wide peak in 450–1028 cm−1 related to the stretching vibration of Ti-O-Ti and other peaks in 1630 cm−1 and 3400 cm−1, which represent the surface OH groups stretching. The IR spectrum of vitaminB2@P25TiO2NPs showed signs of binding between compounds. The OH bending peak (1634 cm−1) corresponding to bare nanoparticles disappeared, and the NH2 bending band characteristic of vitamin B2 appeared (1650 cm−1). The IR spectrum of vitaminC@P25TiO2NPs also showed signs of successful functionalization. Bands at 1075 cm−1; 1120 cm−1; 1141 cm−1 were observed, which are originated by CsingleO-C vibrations present in the vitamin C. The intense band at 1672 cm−1 is attributed to the C = O stretching in the lactone ring while the peak at 1026 cm−1 is ascribed to the stretching vibration Ti-O-C. Wide bands at 3880–3600 cm−1 are related to stretching vibration OH groups, but those disappear in the modified nanoparticles spectrum. These observations confirm the interactions between the P25TiO2NPs and the vitamins [35].

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TiO2 NPs appeared to be more toxic to nematode Caenorhabditis elegans than submicron-sized TiO2.  At a concentration of 1 mg/l, 7 nm particles affected its fertility and survival rate and were more toxic than 20 nm anatase particles. Similarly, Hu et al. showed that rutile particles (10–20 nm), at concentrations above 1 g/kg soil, can be bio-accumulated in earthworms, where they induce oxidative stress, inhibit the activity of cellulase and induce DNA and mitochondrial damage.

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In conclusion, China RC 823 Titanium Dioxide is a versatile and reliable pigment that plays a crucial role in the production of a wide range of consumer goods. Its unique properties make it an indispensable ingredient for achieving the desired color, coverage, and performance in paint, coatings, plastics, and rubber applications. Manufacturers can trust in the quality and consistency of China RC 823 Titanium Dioxide to deliver exceptional results in their products.

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  • Exploring the Significance of Black Bollards in Urban Design


  • Investing in bike rack spares can also be seen as a cost-effective solution. Rather than replacing an entire bike rack due to a few damaged components, purchasing spare parts can extend the life of the existing rack. This approach is not only financially savvy but also environmentally friendly, as it reduces waste and promotes sustainability. By maintaining and repairing bike racks, cities and bike-sharing services can ensure that their infrastructure remains functional longer, helping to support the growing number of cyclists.


  • Electrical arcing can ignite insulation, leaking natural gas, methane from decaying organic matter, fumes from smouldering insulation,[15] or even gasoline poured down the toilet.[16] This can cause a fire, power outages, and in some cases, an explosion.[15] In the United States, they are most common in New York City, with 3,369 manhole events, including 32 explosions recorded in 2014.[17] They were most common in summer due to increased electricity use. Chicago reported fewer than 10 events with no explosions, despite also using road salt in the winter.[17]

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  • In the hustle and bustle of modern urban life, waste management remains a pressing concern. With increasing urbanization, the volume of waste generated is soaring, leading to significant environmental challenges. Among various solutions, the implementation of covered dustbins stands out as a practical and effective measure in promoting cleanliness, hygiene, and aesthetics in public spaces.


  • Today, historic bollards are increasingly recognized as valuable links to our maritime past. Preservation efforts are underway in many cities to maintain these structures as part of urban renewal projects. Some communities have created educational programs to highlight the historical importance of bollards, engaging local residents and visitors alike.