china pigment titanium dioxide

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china pigment titanium dioxide2025-08-14 03:29
136

At present, the domestic wet zinc smelting mainly adopts the roasting-leaching-electrowinning production process, and the zinc content in the acid leaching residue is generally 8-15%, some up to 20%, and the sulfur mass fraction is 6-12%, of which sulfuric acid The root mass fraction is 15-30%, mainly in the form of 0^0 4 (in this ammoniatic environment, the leaching rate of sulfate leaching in multiple stages can reach 70%). The zinc in the acid leaching residue is mainly in the form of ZnFe 2 0 4 . In order to recover these zinc, the treatment methods are currently available in the fire method and the wet method. The fire method is the rotary kiln evaporation method (Wilz method) and the fumigating furnace evaporation method. . The wet method has hot acid leaching or high temperature pressure leaching. The fire treatment process is long, the equipment maintenance is large, the investment is high, the working environment is poor, and a large amount of coal or metallurgical coking coal is consumed, which has low efficiency and large environmental pollution. Therefore, it is usually leached by hot acid or high-pressure leaching. These methods still have the disadvantages of: 1 consumption of a large amount of acid, low leaching rate, due to the large amount of calcium sulfate, calcium sulphate and other ultrafine particles to isolate the zinc oxide particles, resulting in Electrolytic zinc enterprises are difficult to leach in acid environment, and the second weak acid leaching is not meaningful because the recovery rate is too low. 2 If leached with strong acid, although ZnFe 2 0 4 is destroyed, the leaching rate is improved, but the iron leaching rate is also high (up to 60%). The pressure of iron removal is large, and more reagents are consumed. 3 High temperature and high pressure equipment is corroded. Serious, complicated equipment investment; 4 high operating costs, poor economic returns. 5 The last slag discharged is acid leaching residue, which brings new pollution to the environment. It has to be cured and landfilled, which not only pollutes the environment, but also wastes resources.

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china pigment titanium dioxide2025-08-14 03:17
568

Polyvinyl Butyral Resin (PVB) is a solvent Resin synthesized by the acetal reaction of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and butyraldehyde in contact with coal.

Because Pvb Resin itself contains a lot of hydroxyl groups, it can bridge with some thermosetting resins to improve the properties of chemicals and film hardness.

Because PVB resin has the above excellent characteristics, it is widely used in adhesive safety glass intermediate film of automobile and building, rust cutting primer, baking paint, wood paint, printing ink, adhesive of electronic ceramics and printed circuit board, adhesive between metal and metal, between metal and plastic, modifier of hot-melt adhesive, iron dimension waterproof processing of textile, etc. A variety of new industrial applications are also continuously developed and applied.

The general characteristics of PVB are as follows:

The appearance of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin is white spherical porous particles or powder, and its specific gravity is 1:1; However, the filling density is only 0.20 ~ 0.35g/ml.

Thermal properties

The glass transfer temperature (TG) of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin ranges from 50 ℃ of low degree of recombination to 90 ℃ of high degree of recombination; The glass transfer temperature can also be adjusted by adding an appropriate amount of Plasticizer to reduce it below 10 ℃.

Mechanical properties

The coating of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin has good water resistance, water resistance and oil resistance (it is resistant to aliphatic, mineral, animal and vegetable oils, but not to sesame oil). PVB is widely used in printing inks and coatings because it contains high hydroxyl groups and has good dispersibility to pigments.

In addition, its chemical structure contains both hydrophobic acetal and acetic ACID groups and hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, so PVB has good adhesion to glass, metal, plastic, leather and wood.

Chemical reaction

Any chemical that can react with secondary alcohol will also react with PVB. Therefore, in many applications of PVB, it is often used with thermosetting resin to bridge and harden with the hydroxyl group of PVB, so as to achieve the characteristics of chemical resistance, solvent resistance and water resistance.

Of course, films with different characteristics (such as hardness, toughness, impact resistance, etc.) can be prepared according to different types of thermosetting resin and different mixing ratio with PVB.

Safety properties

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china pigment titanium dioxide2025-08-14 02:35
1474

  • A hydraulic oil hose is a flexible tube that conveys hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic system. These hoses are specifically engineered to withstand high pressure and extreme temperatures. They typically consist of three main components the inner tube, the reinforcement layer, and the outer cover. The inner tube is made from materials that resist high temperatures and the corrosive nature of hydraulic fluids. The reinforcement layer, often made from steel wire, provides strength and durability, while the outer cover protects against abrasion and environmental factors.


  • One of the key factors that contribute to the importance of quality hydraulic hoses is their ability to withstand high pressure. In industrial settings, hydraulic systems often operate under extreme pressure conditions, and the hoses must be able to handle this pressure without any compromise in performance. Low-quality hoses are prone to bursting or leaking under high pressure, which can lead to costly downtime, equipment damage, and safety hazards. Therefore, investing in high-quality hydraulic hoses is essential for maintaining the integrity and safety of hydraulic systems.

  • - Brake Systems Braided hoses are integral in brake lines, providing the necessary pressure without compromising on performance or safety. Their durability and pressure resistance are vital for ensuring vehicle safety.


  • What is a 1% 4% Compressor Hose?


  • In the world of industrial operations, high-pressure hoses play a critical role. They are essential for the safe and efficient transfer of fluids in various applications, ranging from construction to agricultural and equipment maintenance. This article will explore the significance of high-pressure hoses, particularly those rated for 1% and 4% operational pressure, their construction, and their applications.


  • - Manufacturing In manufacturing facilities, these hoses are used in processing machinery, delivering coolant or lubricants through high-pressure systems to maintain optimal operational efficiency.


  • The construction of an SAE 100R2AT hose is fundamental to its performance and longevity. The hose consists of several layers


  • Applications in Automotive Engineering


  • Choosing the Right Hydraulic Hose


  • Applications


  • Портативдүү аба компрессорунун шлангын сатып алууда, анын узундугу, диаметри, материалы жана температуралык диапазону сыяктуу факторлорду эске алуу зарыл. Ар бир проекттин өзгөчөлүктөрүнө жараша тандоо керек.


  • In aerospace, these hoses are essential for hydraulic systems and fuel lines, where reliability is paramount. The oil and gas industry also heavily utilizes wire braided hoses for transporting crude oil, natural gas, and various chemicals, ensuring safety and efficiency in operations.


  • The 1% 4% compressor hose is a versatile and essential component for anyone using pneumatic systems. Its durability, high-pressure capacity, and flexibility make it a preferred choice among professionals and DIY enthusiasts alike. By understanding its features and applications, along with proper maintenance practices, you can ensure optimal performance and efficiency in all your air compression tasks. Whether you are in the automotive industry, construction, or simply tackling a DIY project, investing in a high-quality 1% 4% compressor hose will serve you well for years to come.


  • 4. Use Compatible Fluids Always use hydraulic fluids that are compatible with the hose material to prevent deterioration of the inner lining.


  • 1. 1% High Pressure Hoses A hose rated for 1% high pressure typically indicates that the hose can handle pressures slightly above atmospheric levels, often used in applications requiring light-duty operation. These hoses may be used in situations where precision and careful handling of fluids are essential, such as laboratory settings or low-pressure hydraulic systems.


  • 2. Enhanced Durability A well-crimped connection ensures that hoses can endure the rigors of their working environment. This is especially important in industrial settings, where hoses are subjected to constant movement, abrasion, and exposure to harsh chemicals.


  • Hydraulic hoses are subject to wear and tear, making regular maintenance essential. Common issues include leaks caused by abrasions or cuts, bulging due to internal pressure, and degradation from exposure to various chemicals. If a hydraulic hose fails, it can lead to a sudden drop in power and efficiency, potentially causing delays and increased costs on a project.


  • 1. Increased Durability One of the primary benefits of braided hoses is their superior durability. The braided reinforcement provides an extra layer of protection against wear and tear, making these hoses suitable for harsh environments. This is particularly important in automotive applications where hoses are exposed to heat, chemicals, and physical stresses.


  • - Oil and Gas The oil and gas industry relies heavily on high-pressure hoses, particularly for transporting hydrocarbons under high-pressure conditions, where failure of the hose could lead to catastrophic consequences.


  • 4. Compatibility Blue air hoses typically come with standard fittings that allow them to connect to a variety of air compressors and pneumatic tools, making them versatile for different uses.


    blue air hose

    blue

  • Conclusion


  • ይህ የሃምሌ ቋሚ የመታ ቀረባ እንዲወዳድ መልክት ይናገሩ ይላን። አብርክ በሸራ ይፈል ዘንጋጭብ ወግር ይሂድ ይቀኝ አቅጥንጥን ወማነህ እኛ ገና ይንቅል ወናት። እንዲሁ ውቅፖ ከምሥረዉ ወበርበለ ይሚኩሜ።


  • - Regular Inspection Routinely check for any signs of wear, cracks, or abrasions. Early detection of issues can prevent further damage and prolong the hose's life.


  • Spiral wire hoses are predominantly used in hydraulic systems due to their superior pressure ratings and resilience. Some of their most common applications include


    spiral wire hose

    spiral

  • 2. Chức năng của ống điều hòa không khí


  • What is a Hydraulic Oil Hose?


  • - Cooling Systems In radiator and coolant applications, braided hoses help manage the temperature and circulation of coolant, ensuring efficient engine operation.