is titanium natural

The titanium dioxide (TiO2) industry, a crucial component in the production of paints, plastics, paper, and other goods, has undergone significant transformations over the past few decades. These changes have been driven by advancements in technology, shifts in consumer preferences, and an increased focus on environmental sustainability. This article aims to explore the evolution and impact of TiO2 industry factories, providing insights into their current state and future prospects.

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The vitaminC@P25TiO2NPs, on the other side, did not have any effect on cell protection against ROS. This might be due to the fact that vitamin C, a well-known scavenger of ROS, could behave as prooxidant and even promote ROS and lipid peroxidation [39]. It was recently described that at small concentrations of vitamin C, the prooxidant effects dominate; while in large concentrations the antioxidant ones predominate [40]. The effect also depends on the cell state and the interaction of vitamin C with light. In this case, ascorbic acid may act as an antenna to harvest visible light when conjugated to P25TiO2NPs. Indeed, it was previously found that this combination (in some ratios) could have an improved photocatalytic activity, possibly due to a red shift in its light absorbance [41]. Further studies on vitaminC@P25TiO2NPs were not conducted, because of the poor antioxidant capacity [42].

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