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Moreover, the ethical considerations surrounding the sourcing and synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles cannot be overlooked. Responsible suppliers engage in sustainable practices, minimizing potential environmental impacts during production and distributing materials with full disclosure of safety information. This approach fosters trust among consumers and stakeholders, ensuring that the benefits of nanotechnology are realized without compromising ecological or human health.

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While IARC listed titanium dioxide as “possibly carcinogenic to humans,” they also add that “there is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of titanium dioxide.” Of the four human studies that they reviewed, only one showed a potential risk for occupational workers inhaling titanium dioxide particles and lung cancer, while the other three showed no risk for cancer at all. And it’s key to note that IARC did not assess the effects of titanium dioxide found in foods.

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